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A filling is a material that your dentist uses to fill a cavity after he or she removes any tooth decay. Fillings (Restorations) A filling is a material that your dentist uses to fill a cavity after he or she removes any tooth decay. To fill a tooth, your dentist will: Numb your teeth, gums, tongue, and surrounding skin. Your dentist will first put a substance that feels like jelly directly on the area to start the numbing process, and then inject an anesthetic to complete it. Some dentists will give you nitrous oxide gas (laughing gas) to reduce your pain and help you relax. Sometimes use a small sheet of rubber on a metal frame (rubber dam) to target the decayed tooth and to stop liquid and tooth chips from entering your mouth and throat. Drill out all the decay and replace it with a filling.Fillings can be made from many types of material. Talk to your dentist about which type would be best for you. Amalgam is the easiest material for a dentist to use. It is the fastest and least costly choice. Amalgam is a mixture of mercury, silver, tin, or other metals. Composite resins are tooth-colored fillings. Composite resin is easier than gold for a dentist to work with and usually is less expensive than gold. Ionomers are tooth-colored materials that dentists often use for small cavities or cavities between teeth. Some ionomers release small amounts of fluoride, which may help you if you often get cavities. Gold is costly and is harder for your dentist to work with. This makes the procedure take longer and cost more. Ceramics are costly tooth-colored fillings. They require special equipment and may require dental lab support. You may need several appointments.

Dr Ragini Kanoda is among the leading laparoscopic surgeon in Jaipur. Having 13 years of experience in the field. She performs laparoscopy surgery so smoothly that it decreases the chances of having any complications. In the past few years, she had performed many successful laparoscopic surgeries. Let’s find out more about laparoscopic surgery and treatment in Jaipur and the most common questions regarding it! What is Laparoscopy? The most effective surgical alternative method to open or traditional gynecologic surgery is laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. It treats all types of gynecologic diseases using a minimally invasive technique. Laparoscopic gynecologic surgery requires only small incisions, whereas open gynecologic surgery necessitates extensive tissue cutting. What is a Laparoscope? A laparoscope is used to examine the abdominal organs during laparoscopy. It is a thin, lighted tube that is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen. When a laparoscopic surgeon performs surgery the laparoscope’s camera sends images to a video monitor as it moves. It helps doctors to see inside pelvic organs such as the fallopian tubes, uterus, and ovaries.

What is Fibroids? Fibroids are non-cancerous (benign) tumors that grow from the muscle layers of the uterus (womb). They are also known as uterine fibroids, myomas, or fibromyomas. The singular of uterine fibroids is Uterine Fibroma. Fibroids are growths of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue. Fibroids can vary in size, from that of a bean to as large as a melon. Fibroids affect at least 20% of all women at sometime during their life. Women aged between 30 and 50 are the most likely to develop fibroids. Overweight and obese women are at significantly higher risk of developing fibroids, compared to women of normal weight. Malignant (cancerous) growths on the smooth muscles inside the womb can develop, called leiomyosarcoma of the womb. However, this is extremely rare Four types of fibroids There are four types of fibroids and these are: 1.Intramural These are located in the wall of the uterus. These are the most common types of fibroids. 2.Subserosal fibroids These are located outside the wall of the uterus. They can develop into pedunculated fibroids (stalks). Subserosal fibroids can become quite large. 3.Submucosal fibroids These are located in the muscle beneath the lining of the uterus wall. 4.Cervical fibroids These are located in the neck of the womb (the cervix) Causes of fibroids Experts cannot come to a common consensus about why fibroids occur. During a woman's reproductive years her estrogen and progesterone levels are high. When estrogen levels are high, especially during pregnancy, fibroids tend to swell. When estrogen levels are low fibroids may shrink, e.g. during a woman's menopause. Heredity may also be a factor. Women whose mothers and/or sisters have/had fibroids have a higher risk of developing them too.

What is PCOD ? Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine system disorder among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have enlarged ovaries that contain small collections of fluid — called follicles — located in each ovary as seen during an ultrasound exam. Infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods, excess hair growth, acne, and obesity can all occur in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. In adolescents, infrequent or absent menstruation may raise suspicion for the condition. The exact cause of polycystic ovary syndrome is unknown. Early diagnosis and treatment along with weight loss may reduce the risk of long-term complications, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Symptoms Polycystic ovary syndrome signs and symptoms often begin soon after a woman first begins having periods (menarche). In some cases, PCOS develops later during the reproductive years, for instance, in response to substantial weight gain. PCOS has many signs — things you or your doctor can see or measure — and symptoms — things that you notice or feel. All of these can worsen with obesity. Every woman with PCOS may be affected a little differently. To be diagnosed with the condition, your doctor looks for at least two of the following: 1.Irregular periods. This is the most common characteristic. Examples include menstrual intervals longer than 35 days; fewer than eight menstrual cycles a year; failure to menstruate for four months or longer; and prolonged periods that may be scant or heavy. 2.Excess androgen. Elevated levels of male hormones (androgens) may result in physical signs, such as excess facial and body hair (hirsutism), adult acne or severe adolescent acne, and male-pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia) 3. Polycystic ovaries. Polycystic ovaries become enlarged and contain numerous small fluid-filled sacs which surround the eggs.

A root canal is a treatment used to repair and save a tooth that is badly decayed or becomes infected. During a root canal procedure, the nerve and pulp are removed and the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed. Without treatment, the tissue surrounding the tooth will become infected and abscesses may form. Root canal" is the term used to describe the natural cavity within the center of the tooth. The pulp or pulp chamber is the soft area within the root canal. The tooth's nerve lies within the root canal. A tooth's nerve is not vitally important to a tooth's health and function after the tooth has emerged through the gums. Its only function is sensory -- to provide the sensation of hot or cold. The presence or absence of a nerve will not affect the day-to-day functioning of the tooth.

What is Infertility? A couple is said to be infertile if it has not conceived even after 12 months of contraceptive free intercourse. What are the main types of Infertility? Primary Infertility Secondary Infertility Couples with primary Infertility have never been able to conceive, while, on the other hand, secondary infertility is difficulty in conceiving after already having conceived and delivered once. Treatment of Infertility The choice of the treatment depends on the cause of infertility, which requires the advice of an infertility specialist who decides the most suitable form of treatment for a particular couple